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The spread of measles in the Southwest now constitutes the largest single outbreak since the United States declared the disease eliminated in 2000, federal scientists told state officials in a meeting, reports The New York Times.
There have been at least 800 measles cases in the US this year, but experts suspect this number is higher.
The Texas Department of State Health Services said the highest number of cases were in this US state, as well as in Oklahoma and New Mexico, with Texas alone reporting 624 cases since late January.
"This is the largest outbreak in the United States since measles was declared eradicated in 2000, said Dr. Dan Filardo, who leads the measles task force at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
The CDC is sending seven more staff to Texas to help manage the outbreak, Filardo added. Two girls in Texas, both unvaccinated, have died from the disease. It is the first measles death in the US in 10 years.
About 70% of measles in the US occur in children, with an average age of 8. A total of 85 people with measles, or about 11%, have been hospitalized. Many of those infected have not been vaccinated. The vaccination status of the rest is unknown.
Measles have been reported also in the Canadian Province of Ontario (about 1,000 cases) and Chihuahua State in Mexico (more than 400 cases).
Officials say this outbreak could surpass the 1,249 cases in 2025, prompting an 11-month response that will involve hundreds of public health workers and cost more than $8 million.